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SEE GEOGRAPHIC ATROPHY DIFFERENTLY

Geographic atrophy (GA) is an advanced form of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) that causes irreversible vision loss.1

GA Has a Devastating Impact on Patients’ Lives2

44 percentage

need assistance with daily living3

67 percentage

with bilateral GA lose their ability to drive within 1.6 years from diagnosis4*

50 percentage

experience a 10-letter loss
in BCVA in 2 years
from diagnosis1†

GA can progress from the noncentral area to the foveal centre point in just 2.5 years from diagnosis, and currently affects ∼5 million people worldwide.1,5

Imaging: Diagnosis and Progression

Imaging: Diagnosis and Progression

Imaging can be used to visualize GA lesions, whether for diagnostic or monitoring purposes.6

Exploring the Pathophysiology of Geographic Atrophy

Exploring the Pathophysiology of Geographic Atrophy

Multiple potential cellular pathways and stressors have been posited in the pathogenesis of geographic atrophy – from the complement system and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, to visual cycle byproducts and oxidative stress.7,8

BCVA=best corrected visual acuity.

  • *Findings from a UK retrospective cohort analysis with patients with visual acuity (VA) follow-up. The patients were eligible to drive at baseline according to the UK driving standard (VA measure >70 letters or Snellen 6/12 [US Snellen 20/40] in the better-seeing eye) but lost their vision progressively making them ineligible to drive; 1.6 years represents the median (0.7-2.7 years).4
  • †Analysis of 2006 patients with bilateral GA.1

References:

  1. Anegondi N, et al. Ophthalmology. 2025;132(4):420-430.

  2. Singh RP, et al. Am J Ophthalmol Clin Trials. 2019;2(1):1-6.

  3. Patel PJ, et al. Clin Ophthalmol. 2020;14:15-28.

  4. Chakravarthy U, et al. Ophthalmology. 2018;125(6):842-849.

  5. Lindblad AS, et al. Arch Ophthalmol. 2009;127(9):1168-1174.

  6. Fleckenstein M, et al. Ophthalmology. 2018:125(3):369-390.

  7. Rajanala K, et al. Front Ophthalmol (Lausanne). 2023;3:1327883.

  8. Holz FG, et al. Ophthalmology. 2014;121(5):1079-1091.